Sabado, Hunyo 29, 2019

Thoughts on The Assurance of Faith (Augustus Toplady, 1740-1778)

It has long been a settled point with me, that the Scriptures make a wide distinction between faith, the assurance of faith, and the full assurance of faith.
1. Faith is the hand by which we embrace or touch, or reach toward, the garment of Christ’s righteousness, for our own justification.-Such a soul is undoubtedly safe.
2. Assurance I consider as the ring which God puts, upon faith’s finger.-Such a soul is not only safe, but also comfortable and happy.
Nevertheless, as a finger may exist without wearing a ring, so faith may be real without the superadded gift of assurance. We must either admit this, or set down the late excellent Mr. Hervey (among a multitude of others) for an unbeliever. No man, perhaps, ever contended more earnestly for the doctrine of assurance than he, and yet I find him expressly declaring as follows: ‘What I wrote, concerning a firm faith in God’s most precious promises, and a humble trust that we are the objects of his tender love, is what I desire to feel, rather than what I actually experience.’ The truth is, as another good man expresses it, ‘A weak hand may tie the marriageknot; and a feeble faith may lay bold on a strong Christ.
Moreover, assurance after it has been vouchsafed to the soul may be lost. Peter no doubt lost his assurance, and sinned it away, when he denied Christ. He did not, however, lose the principle of faith; for Christ had before-hand prayed, concerning him, that his faith itself might not fail: and Christ could not possibly pray in vain. — A wife may lose her wedding-ring. But that does not dissolve her marriage relation She continues a lawful wife still. And yet she is not easy until she find her ring again.
3. Full assurance I consider as the brilliant, or cluster of brilliants, which adorns the ring, and renders it incomparably more beautiful and valuable. Where the diamond of full assurance is thus set in the gold of faith, it diffuses its rays of love, joy, peace, and holiness, with a lustre which leaves no room for doubt or darkness.While these high and unclouded consolations remain, the believer’s felicity is only inferior to that of angels, or of saints made perfect above.
4. After all, I apprehend that the very essence of assurance lies in communion with God. While we feel the sweetness of his inward presence, we cannot doubt of our interest in his tender mercies. So long as the Lord speaks comfortably to our hearts, our affections are on fire, our views are clear, and our faces shine. It is when we come down from the mount, and when we mix with the world again, that we are in danger of losing that precious sense of his love, which is the strength of saints militant, and the joy of souls triumphant.
But let not trembling believers forget that faith, strictly so called, is neither more nor less than a receiving of Christ, for ourselves in particular, as our only possible propitiation, righteousness, and Saviour: John i. 12. — Hast thou so received Christ? Thou art a believer, to all the purposes of safety. — And it deserves special notice that our Lord calls the centurion’s faith ‘great faith;’ though it rose no higher than to make him say ‘Speak the word only, and my servant shall be healed.’.’ Matt. viii. 8-10.
The case likewise of the Canaanitish woman is full to the present point. Her cry was, ‘Have mercy on me, 0 Lord, thou Son of David!’ And, a little after, -Lord, help me!’ Jesus at first gave her a seeming repulse: but her importunity continued, and she requested only the privilege of a dog, viz., to eat of the crumbs which fell from the master’s table. What were our Saviour’s answer and our Saviour’s remark? An answer and a remark which ought to make every broken sinner take down his harp from the willows: — ‘O woman, great is thy faith.’ Matt. x. 22-28.
5. The graces which the blessed Spirit implants in our hearts (and the grace of faith among the rest) resemble a sun-dial; which is of little service except when the sun shines upon it. The Holy Ghost must shine upon the graces he has given, or they will leave us at a loss (in point of spiritual comfort), and be unable to tell us where-abouts we are. May he, day by day, rise upon our souls with healing in his beams! Then shall we be filled with all joy and peace in believing, and abound in hope, through the power of the Holy Ghost. Rom. xv. 13.
6. Are there any weak in faith who come under the denomination of bruised reeds and smoking flax? Let them know that God will take care of them. The former will not be broken: the latter shall not be quenched. Bless God for any degree of faith; even though it be as the smallest of all seeds, sooner or later it will surely expand into a large and fruitful tree.However, stop not here; but, as the apostle advises, covet earnestly the best gifts: and the gift of assurance, yea, of fullest assurance among the rest. The stronger you are in faith, the more glory you will give to God, both in lip and life. Lord, increase our faith! Amen.
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The Blessing of Full Assurance (Charles H. Spurgeon, 1888)

1 John 5:13

“These things have I written unto you that believe on the name of the Son of God; that ye may know that ye have eternal life, and that ye may believe on the name of the Son of God.” 

John wrote to believers-"These things have I written
     unto you that believe on the name of the Son of God."
     It is worthy of note that all the epistles are so
     written. They are not letters to everybody, they are
     letters to those who are called to be saints. It ought
     to strike some of you with awe when you open the Bible
     and think how large a part of it is not directed at
     you. You may read it, and God's Holy Spirit may
     graciously bless it to you, but it is not directed to
     you. You are reading another man's letter: thank God
     that you are permitted to read it, but long to be
     numbered with those to whom it is directed. Thank God
     much more if any part of it should be used of the Holy
     Ghost for your salvation. The fact that the Holy Spirit
     speaks to the churches and to believers in Christ
     should make you bow the knee and cry to God to put you
     among the children, that this Book may become your Book
     from beginning to end, that you may read its precious
     promises as made to you. This solemn thought may not
     have struck some of you: let it impress you now.
     
     We do not wonder that certain men do not receive the
     epistles, for they were not written to them. Why should
     they cavil at words which are addressed to men of
     another sort from themselves? Yet we do not marvel, for
     we knew it would be so. Here is a will, and you begin
     to read it; but you do not find it interesting: it is
     full of words and terms which you do not take the
     trouble to understand, because they have no relation to
     yourself; but should you, in reading that will, come
     upon a clause in which an estate is left to you, I
     warrant you that the nature of the whole document will
     seem changed to you. You will be anxious now to
     understand the terms, and to make sure of the clauses,
     and you will even wish to remember every word of the
     clause which refers to yourself. O dear friends, may
     you read the Testament of our Lord Jesus Christ as a
     testament of love to yourselves, and then you will
     prize it beyond all the writings of the sages.
     
     This leads me to make the second remark, that as these
     things are written to believers, believers ought
     especially to make themselves acquainted with them, and
     to search into their meaning and intent. John says,
     "These things have I written to you that believe on the
     name of the Son of God." Do not, I beseech you, neglect
     to read what the Holy Ghost has taken care to write to
     you. It is not merely John that writes. John is
     inspired of the Lord, and these things are written to
     you by the Spirit of God. Give earnest heed to every
     single word of what God has sent as his own epistle to
     your hearts. Value the Scriptures. Luther said that "he
     would not be in paradise, if he might , without the
     Word of the Lord; but with the Word he could live in
     hell itself." He said at another time that "he would
     not take all the world for one leaf of the Bible." The
     Scriptures are everything to the Christian-his meat and
     his drink. The saint can say, "O how I love thy law!"
     If we cannot say so, something is wrong with us. If we
     have lost our relish for Holy Scripture, we are out of
     condition, and need to pray for spiritual health.
     
     This much is the porch of my sermon, let us now enter
     more fully into our subject, noticing, first, that John
     wrote with a special purpose; and then going on to
     assert, secondly, that this purpose we ought to follow
     up.
     
     I. First, JOHN WROTE WITH A SPECIAL PURPOSE. Men do not
     write well unless they have some end in writing. To sit
     down with paper and ink before you, and so much space
     to fill up, will ensure very poor writing. John knew
     what he was at. His intent and aim were clear to his
     own mind, and he tells us what they were.
     
     According to the text the beloved apostle had one clear
     purpose which branched out into three.
     
     To begin with, John wrote that we might enjoy the full
     assurance of our salvation. "These things have I
     written unto you that believe on the name of the Son of
     God, that ye may know that ye have eternal life."
     
     Many who believe on the name of Jesus are not sure that
     they have eternal life; they only hope so. Occasionally
     they have assurance, but the joy is not abiding. They
     are like a minister I have heard of, who said he felt
     assured of his salvation, "except when the wind was in
     the east." It is a wretched thing to be so subject to
     circumstances as many are. What is true when the wind
     is in the soft south or the reviving west is equally
     true when the wind is neither good for man nor beast.
     John would not have our assurance vary with the weather-
     glass, nor turn with the vane. He says, "These things
     have I written unto you, that ye may know that ye have
     eternal life." He would have us certain that we are
     partakers of the new life, and so know it as to reap
     the golden fruit of such knowledge, and be filled with
     joy and peace through believing.
     
     I speak affectionately to the weaker ones, who cannot
     yet say that they know they have believed. I speak not
     to your condemnation, but to your consolation. Full
     assurance is not essential to salvation, but it is
     essential to satisfaction. May you get-may you get it
     at once; at any rate may you never be satisfied to live
     without it. You may have full assurance. You may have
     it without personal revelations: it is wrought in us by
     the Word of God. These things are written that you may
     have it; and we may be sure that the means used by the
     Spirit are equal to the effect which he desires. Under
     the guidance of the Spirit of God, John so wrote as to
     attain his end in writing. What, then, has he written
     with the design of making us know that we have eternal
     life? Go through the whole Epistle, and you will see
     that it all presses in that direction; but we shall not
     at this present have time to do more than glance
     through this chapter.
     
     He begins thus: "Whosoever believeth that Jesus is the
     Christ is born of God." Do you believe that Jesus is
     the anointed of God? Is he so to you? Is he anointed as
     your prophet, priest, and king? Have you realized his
     anointing so as to put your trust in him? Do you
     receive Jesus as appointed of God to be the Mediator,
     the Propitiation for sin, the Saviour of men? If so,
     you are born of God. "How may I know this?" Brethern,
     our evidence is the witness of God himself as here
     recorded. We need no other witness. Suppose an angel
     were to tell you that you are born of God, would that
     be a more sure testimony than the infallible Scripture?
     If you believe that Jesus is the Christ, you are born
     of God. John has thus positively declared the truth,
     that you may know that you have eternal life. Can
     anything be more clear than this?
     
     The loving spirit of John leads him to say, "Every one
     that loveth him that begat, loveth him also that is
     begotten of him." Do you love God? Do you love his Only-
     begotten Son? You can answer those two questions
     surely. I knew a dear Christian woman who would
     sometimes say, "I know that I love Jesus; but my fear
     is that he does not love me." Her doubt used to make me
     smile, for it never could have occurred to me. If I
     love him, I know it is because he first loved me. Love
     to God in us is always the work of God's love towards
     us. Jesus loved us, and gave himself for us, and
     therefore we love him in return. Love to Jesus is an
     effect which proves the existence of its cause. Do you
     love Jesus? Do you feel a delight in him? Is his name
     as music to your ear, and honey to your mouth? Do you
     love to hear him extolled? Ah, dear friends! I know
     that to many of you a sermon full of his dear name is
     as a royal banquent; and if there is no Christ in a
     discourse, it is empty, and vain, and void to you. Is
     it not so? If you do indeed love him that begat and him
     that is begotten of him, then this is one of the things
     that is written "that ye may know that ye have eternal
     life."
     
     John goes on to give another evidence: "By this we know
     that we love the children of God, when we love God, and
     keep his commandments." Do you love God? and do you
     love his children? Listen to another word from the same
     apostle: "We know that we have passed from death unto
     life, because we love the brethren." That may appear to
     be a very small evidence; but I can assure you it has
     often been a great comfort to my soul. I know I love
     the brethern: I can say unto my Lord,

                "Is there a lamb among thy flock
                    I would disdain to feed?"
     
     I would gladly cheer and comfort the least of his
     people. Well, then, if I love the brethern, I love the
     Elder Brother. If I love the babes, I love the Father;
     and I know that I have passed from death unto life.
     Brethren, take this evidence home in all its force. It
     is conclusive: John has said, "We know that we have
     passed from death unto life, because we love the
     brethren"; and he would not have spoken so positively
     if it had not been even so. Brethren, never be content
     with sentimental comforts; set your feet firmly upon
     the rock of fact and truth. True Christian assurance is
     not a matter of guesswork, but of mathematical
     precision. It is capable of logical proof, and is no
     rhapsody or poetical fiction. We are told by the Holy
     Ghost that, if we love the brethren, we have passed
     from death to life. You can tell whether you love the
     brethren, as such, for their Master's sake, and for the
     truth's sake that is in them; and if you can truly say
     that you thus love them, then you may know that you
     have eternal life.
     
     Our apostle gives us this further evidence: "This is
     the love of God, that we keep his commandments: and his
     commandments are not grievous." Obedience is the grand
     test of love. If you are living after your own will,
     and pay no homage to God, you are none of his. If you
     never think of the Lord Jesus as your Master, and never
     recognize the claims of God, and never wish to be
     obedient to his will, you are not in possession of
     eternal life. If you desire to be obedient, and prove
     that desire by your actions, then you have the divine
     life within you. Judge yourselves. Is the tenor of your
     life obedience or disobedience? By the fruit you can
     test the root and the sap.
     
     But note, that this obedience must be cheerful and
     willing. No doubt some for a while obey the commands of
     God unwillingly. They do not like them, though they bow
     to them. They fret and grizzle because of the
     restraints of piety; and this proves that they are
     hypocrites. What you wish to do you practically are
     doing in the sight of God. If there could be such a
     thing as holiness forced upon a man, it would be
     unholiness. O my hearer, it may be that you cannot fall
     into a certain line of sin; but if you could, you
     would: your desires show what you really are. I have
     heard of Christian people, so called, going to sinful
     amusements, just, as they say, to enjoy a little
     pleasure. Ah well, we see where you are! Where your
     pleasure is, your heart is. If you enjoy the pleasures
     of the world, you are of the world, and with the world
     you will be condemned. If God's commands are grievous
     to you, then you are a rebel at heart. Loyal subjects
     delight in the royal law. "His commandments are not
     grievous." I said to one who came to join the church
     the other day, "I suppose you are not perfect"? and the
     reply was, "No, sir, I wish I might be." I said, "And
     suppose you were"? "Oh, then," she said, "that would be
     heaven to me." So it would be to me. We delight in the
     law of God after the inward man. Oh, that we could
     perfectly obey in thought, and word, and deed! This is
     our view of heaven. Thus we sing of it:

                  "There shall we see his face,
                      And never, never sin;
               There from the rivers of his grace
                  Drink endless pleasures in."
     
     We would scarce ask to be rid of sorrow, if we might be
     rid of sin. We would bear any burden cheerfully if we
     could live without spot we shall also be without grief.
     His commandments are not grievous, but they are ways of
     pleasantness and peace to us. Do you feel that you love
     the ways of God, that you desire holiness, and follow
     after it joyfully? Then, dear friends, you have eternal
     life, and these are the sure evidences of it.
     Obedience, holiness, delight in God never came into a
     human heart except from a heavenly hand. Wherever they
     are found they prove that the Lord has implanted
     eternal life, for they are much too precious to be
     buried away in a dead soul.
     
     John then proceeds to mention three witnesses. Now,
     dear hearers, do you know anything about these three
     witnesses? "There are three that bear witness in earth,
     the spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these
     three agree in one." Do you know "the Spirit" ? Has the
     Spirit of God quickened you, changed you, illuminated
     you, sanctified you? Does the Spirit of God dwell in
     you? Do you feel his sacred impulses? Is he the essence
     of the new life within you? Do you know him as clothing
     you with his light and power? If so, you are alive unto
     God. Next, do you know "the water," the purifying power
     of the death of Christ? Does the crucified Lord crucify
     your sins? Is the water applied to you to remove the
     power of sin? Do you now long to perfect holiness in
     the fear of God? This proves that you have eternal
     life. Do you also know "the blood"? This is a wretched
     age, in which men think little of the precious blood.
     My heart has well-nigh been broken, and my very flesh
     has been enfeebled, as I have thought upon the horrible
     things which have been spoken of late about the
     precious blood by men called Christian ministers. "O my
     soul, come not thou into their secret; unto their
     assembly, mine honour, be not thou united." Beloved
     friends, do you know the power of the blood to take
     away sin, the power of the blood to speak peace to the
     conscience, the power of the blood to give access to
     the throne of grace? Do you know the quickening,
     restoring, cheering power of the precious blood of
     Christ which is set forth in the Lord's Supper by the
     fruit of the vine? Then in the mouth of these three
     witnesses shall the fact of your having eternal life be
     fully established. If the Spirit of God be in you, he
     is the earnest of your eternal inheritance. If the
     water has washed you, then you are the Lord's. Jesus
     said to Peter, "If I wash thee not, thou hast no part
     in me." But ye are washed, and therefore the Lord's. If
     the precious blood has cleansed you from the guilt of
     sin, you know that it has also purchased you from
     death, and it is to you the guarantee of eternal life.
     I pray that you may from this moment enjoy the combined
     light of these three lamps of God-"the spirit, and the
     water, and the blood," and so have full assurance of
     faith.
     One thing more I would notice. Read the ninth verse:
     the apostle puts our faith and assurance on the ground
     that we receive "the witness of God." If I believe that
     I am saved because of this, that, and the other, I may
     be mistaken: the only sure ground is "the witness of
     God." The inmost heart of Christian faith is that we
     take God as his word; and we must accept that word, not
     because of the probabilities of its statements, nor
     because of the confirmatory evidence of science and
     philosophy, but simply and alone because the Lord has
     spoken it. Many professing Christians fall sadly short
     of this point. They dare to judge the Word instead of
     bowing before it. They do not sit at the Master's feet,
     but become doctors themselves. I thank God that I
     believe everything that God has spoken, whether I am
     able to see its reason or not. To me the fact that the
     mouth of God hath spoken it stands in the place of all
     argument, either for or against. If Jehovah says so, so
     it is. Do you accept the witness of God? If not, you
     have made him a liar, and the truth is not in you; but
     if you have received "the witnesses of God," then this
     is his witness, that "He hath given to us eternal life,
     and this life is in his Son." I say again, if your
     faith stands in the wisdom of men, and is based upon
     the cleverness of a preacher, it will fail you; but if
     it stands on the sure Word of the Lord it will stand
     for ever, and this may be to you a special token that
     you have eternal life. I have said enough upon this
     subject; oh that God may bless it to you! May we be
     enabled, from what John has written, to gather beyond
     doubt that we have the life of God within our souls.
     
     Furthermore, John wrote that we might know our
     spiritual life to be eternal. Please notice this, for
     there are some of God's children who have not yet
     learned this cheering lesson. The life of God in the
     soul is not transient, but abiding; not temporary but
     eternal. Some think that the life of God in the
     believer's soul may die out; but how, then, could it be
     eternal? If it die it is not eternal life. If it be
     eternal life it cannot die. I know that modern
     deceivers deny that eternal means eternal, but you and
     I have not learned their way of pumping the meanings
     out of the words which the Holy Spirit uses. We believe
     that "eternal" means endless, and that if I have
     eternal life, I shall live eternally, Brethren, the
     Lord would have us know that we have eternal life.
     
     Learn, then, the doctrine of the eternality of life
     given in the new birth. It must be eternal life,
     because it is "the life of God." We are born again of
     the Spirit of God by a living and incorruptible seed,
     which liveth and abideth for ever. We are said to be
     "made partakers of the divine nature." Surely, this
     means, among other things, that we receive an undying
     life; for immortality is of the essence of the Life of
     God. His name is "I am that I am." He hath life in
     himself, and the Son hath life in himself, and of this
     life we are the receivers. This was his purpose
     concerning his Son, that he might give eternal life to
     as many as the Father had given him. If it be the life
     of God which is in a believer-and certainly it is, for
     he hath begotten us again-then that life must be
     eternal. As children of God, we partake of his life,
     and as heirs of God, we inherit his eternity. "This is
     life eternal, that they might know thee the only true
     God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent."
     
     Beloved, our Lord Jesus Christ calls the life of his
     people eternal life. How often do I quote this text! It
     seems to lie on the tip of my tongue: "I give unto my
     sheep eternal life; and they shall never perish,
     neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand." And
     again, "He that believeth in him hath everlasting
     life." It is not temporary life, not life which at a
     certain period must grow old and die, but everlasting
     life. "It shall be in him a well of water springing up
     into everlasting life." This is the life of Christ
     within the soul. "For ye are dead, and your life is hid
     with Christ in God." "I live; yet not I, but Christ
     liveth in me." "When Christ, who is our life, shall
     appear, then shall ye also appear with him in glory."
     If our life is Christ's life, we shall not die until
     Christ dies. If our life is hidden in him, it will
     never be discovered and destroyed until Christ himself
     is destroyed. Let us rest in this.
     
     Mark again how our Lord has put it: "Because I live, ye
     shall live also." As long, then, as Jesus lives, his
     people must live, for the argument will always be the
     same, "Because I live, ye shall live also." We are so
     one with Christ that while the head lives the members
     cannot die. We are so one Christ that the challenge is
     given, "Who shall separate us from the love of God,
     which is in Christ Jesus our Lord?" A list is added of
     things which may be supposed to separate, but we are
     told that they cannot do so, for "in all these things
     we are more than conquerors through him that loved us."
     Is it not clear, then, that we are quickened with a
     life so heavenly and divine that we can never die? John
     tells us in this very chapter, "We know that whosoever
     is born of God sinneth not." He does not go back to his
     old sin, he does not again come under the dominion of
     sin; but, "he that is begotten of God keepeth himself,
     and that wicked one toucheth him not."
     
     Beloved, I entreat you to keep a hard and firm grip of
     this blessed doctrine of the perseverance of the
     saints. How earnestly do I long "that ye may know that
     ye have eternal life"! Away with your doctrine of being
     alive in Christ to-day and dead tomorrow. Poor,
     miserable doctrine that! Hold fast to eternal salvation
     through the eternal covenant carried out by eternal
     love unto eternal life; for the Spirit of God has
     written these things unto you that believe on the name
     of the Son of God, that ye may know that ye have
     eternal life.
     
     Once more, according to the Authorized text, though not
     according to the Revised Version, John desired the
     increase and confirmation of their faith. He says,
     "That ye might believe on the name of the Son of God."
     John wrote to those who believed, that they might
     believe in a more emphatic sense. As our Saviour has
     come not only that we may have life, but that we may
     have it more abundantly, so does John write, that
     having faith we may have more of it. Come beloved,
     listen for a moment to this! You have the milk of
     faith, but God wills that you should have this cream of
     assurance! He would increase your faith. May you
     believe more extensively. Perhaps you do not believe
     all the truth, because you have not yet perceived it.
     There were members of the Corinthian church who had not
     believed in the resurrection of the dead, and there
     were Galatians who were very cloudy upon justification
     by faith. Many a Christian man is narrow in the range
     of his faith from ignorance of the Lord's mind. Like
     certain tribes of Israel, they have conquered a scanty
     territory as yet, though all the land is theirs from
     Dan to Beersheba. John would have us push out our
     fences, and increase the enclosure of our faith. Let us
     believe all that God has revealed, for every truth is
     precious and practically useful. Perhaps your doctrinal
     belief has been poor and thin. Oh that the Lord would
     turn the water into wine! Many of you live upon milk,
     and yet your years qualify you to feed on meat. Why
     keep the babes' diet? You that believe are exhorted to
     "go in and out, and find pasture"; range throughout the
     whole revelation of God.
     
     It will be well for you if your faith also increases
     intensively. Oh that you may more fully believe what
     you do believe! We need deeper insight and firmer
     conviction. We do not half believe, as yet, any of us.
     Many of you only skim the pools of truth. Blessed is
     the wing which brushes the surface of the river of
     life; but infinitely more blessed is it to plunge into
     the depths of it. This is John's desire for you, that
     you would believe with all you heart, and soul, and
     strength.
     
     He would have you believe more constantly, so that you
     may say, "My heart is fixed, O God, my heart is fixed:
     I will sing and give praise." It is not always so with
     us. We are at times chicken-hearted. We play the man
     today, and the mouse tomorrow. Lord have mercy upon us:
     we are an inconsistent people, fickle as the wind. The
     Lord would have us abide always in him with strong and
     mighty confidence, being rooted and built up in him.
     
     He would have us trust courageously. Some can believe
     in a small way about small things. Oh for a boundless
     trust in the infinite God! We need more of a
     venturesome faith: the faith to do and dare. Often we
     see the way of power, but have not the faith which
     would be equal to it. See Peter walking on the sea! I
     do not advise any of you to try it, neither did our
     Lord advise Peter to do so: we do well enough if we
     walk uprightly on land. But when Peter had once taken a
     few steps on the sea, he ought to have known that his
     Lord could help him all the rest of the way; but alas!
     His faith failed, and he began to sink. He could have
     walked all the way to Jesus if he had believed right
     on. So is it with us: our faith is good enough for a
     spurt, but it lacks staying power. Oh, may God give us
     to believe, so that we may not only trip over a wave or
     two, but walk on the water to the end! If the Lord bids
     you, you may go through fire and not be burned, through
     the floods and not be drowned. Such a fearless,
     careless, conquering faith may the Lord work in us!
     
     We need also to have our faith increased in the sense
     of its becoming more practical. Some people have a fine
     new faith, as pretty as the bright poker in the
     parlour, and as useless. We want an everyday faith, not
     to look at, but to use. Brothers and sisters, we need
     faith for the kitchen and the pantry, as well as for
     the drawing-room and the conservatory. We need workshop
     faith, as well as prayer-meeting faith. We need faith
     as to the common things of life, and the trying things
     of death. We could do with less paint if we had more
     power. We need less varnish and more verity. God give
     to you that you may believe on the name of the Son of
     God with a sound, common-sense faith, which will be
     found wearable, and washable, and workable throughout
     life.
     
     We need to believe more joyfully. Oh what a blessed
     thing it is when you reach the rest and joy of faith!
     If we would truly believe the promise of God, and rest
     in the Lord's certain fulfillment of it, we might be as
     happy as the angels. I notice how very early in the
     morning how the birds begin to sing: before the sun is
     up or even the first grey tints of morning light are
     visible, the little songsters are awake and singing.
     Too often we refuse to sing until the sun is more than
     up, and noon is near. Shame on us! Will we never trust
     our God? Will we never praise him for favours to come?
     Oh for a faith that can sing through the night and
     through the winter! Faith that can live on a promise is
     the faith of God's elect. You will never enjoy heaven
     below until you believe without wavering. The Lord give
     you such faith.
     
     II. Thus I have gone through my first head, and taken
     nearly all the time. I must now come to push of pike,
     as the old soldiers used to say. We must drive our
     teaching home. THE PURPOSE WHICH JOHN HAD IN HIS MIND
     WE OUGHT TO FOLLOW UP. If he wished us to know that we
     have eternal life, brothers and sisters, let us try to
     know it. The Word of God was written for this purpose;
     let us use it for its proper end. The whole of these
     Scriptures were written that "we might believe that
     Jesus is the Christ, and that believing we might have
     life through his name." This Book is written to you who
     believe, that you may know that you believe. Will you
     suffer your Bibles to be a failure to you? Will you
     live in perpetual questioning and doubt? If so, the
     Book has missed its mark for you. The Bible is sent
     that you may have full assurance of of your possession
     of eternal life; do not, therefore, dream that it will
     be presumptuous on your part to aspire to it. Our
     conscience tells us that we ought to seek full
     assurance of salvation. It cannot be right for us to be
     children of God, and not to know our own Father. How
     can we kneel down and say, "Our Father which art in
     heaven," when we do not know whether he is our Father
     or not? Will not a life of doubt tend to be a life of
     falsehood? May we not be using language which is not
     true to our consciousness? Can you sing joyful hymns
     which you fear are not true to you? Will you join in
     worship when your heart does not know that God is your
     God? Until the spirit of adoption enables you to cry,
     "Abba, Father," where is your love to God? Can you
     rest? Dare you rest, while it is a question whether you
     are saved or not? Can you go home to your dinner to-day
     and enjoy your meal, while there is a question about
     your soul's eternal life? Oh, be not so foolhardy as to
     run risks on that matter! I pray you, make sure work
     for eternity. If you leave anything in uncertainty, let
     it concern your body or your estate, but not your soul.
     Conscience bids you seek to know that you have eternal
     life, for without this knowledge many duties will be
     impossible of performance. Many Scriptures which I
     cannot quote this morning stir you up to this duty. Are
     you not bidden to make your calling and election sure?
     Are you not a thousand times over exhorted to rejoice
     in the Lord, and to give thanks continually? But how
     can you rejoice, if the dark suspicion haunts you, that
     perhaps, after all, you have not the life of God? You
     must get this question settled, or you cannot rest in
     the Lord, and wait patiently for him. Come, brothers
     and sisters, I beseech you, as you would follow
     Scripture, and obey the Lord's precepts, get the
     assurance without which you cannot obey them.
Listen, as I close, to this mass of reasons why each
     believer should seek to know that he has eternal life.
     Here they are. Assurance of your salvation will bring
     you "the peace of God, which passeth all
     understanding." If you know that you are saved, you can
     sit down in poverty, or in sickness, or under slander,
     and feel perfectly content. Full assurance is the Koh-i-
     noor amongst the jewels wherewith the heavenly
     Bridegroom adorns his spouse. Assurance is a mountain
     of spices, a land that floweth with milk and honey. To
     be the assured possessor of eternal life is to find a
     paradise beneath the stars, where the mountains and the
     hills break forth before you into singing.
     
     Full assurance will sometimes overflow in cataracts of
     delight. Peace flows like a river, and here and there
     it leaps in cascades of ecstatic joy. There are seasons
     when the plant of peace is in flower, and then it sheds
     a perfume as of myrrh and cassia. Oh, the blessedness
     of the man who knows that he has eternal life!
     Sometimes in our room alone, when we have been enjoying
     this assurance, we have laughed outright, for we could
     not help it. If anybody had wondered why a man was
     laughing by himself alone, we could have explained that
     it was nothing ridiculous which had touched us, but our
     mouth was filled with laughter because the Lord had
     done great things for us, whereof we were glad. That
     religion which sets no sweatmeats on the table is a
     niggardly housekeeper. I do not wonder that some people
     give up their starveling religion: it is hardly worth
     the keeping. The child of God who knows that he has
     eternal life goes to school, be he has many a holiday;
     and he anticipates that day of home-going when he shall
     see the face of his Beloved for ever.
     
     Brethren, full assurance will give us the full result
     of the gospel. The gospel ought to make us holy; and so
     it will when we are in full possession of it. The
     gospel ought to make us separate from the world, the
     gospel ought to make us lead a heavenly life here
     below; and so it will if we drink deep draughts of it;
     but it we take only a sip of it now and again, we give
     it no chance of working out its design in us. Do not
     paddle about the margin of the water of life, but first
     wade in up to your knees, and then hasten to plunge
     into the waters to swim in. Beware of contentment with
     shallow grace. Prove what the grace of God can do for
     you by giving yourself up to its power.
     
     Full assurance gives a man a grateful zeal for the God
     he loves. These are the people that will go to the
     Congo for Jesus, for they know they are his. These are
     the people that will lay down their all for Christ, for
     Christ is theirs. These are the people that will bear
     scorn and shame and misrepresentation for the truth's
     sake, for they know that they have eternal life. These
     are they that will keep on preaching and teaching,
     spending and working, for theirs is the kingdom of
     heaven, and they know it. Men will do little for what
     they doubt, and much for what they believe. If you have
     lost your title deeds, and you do not know whether your
     house is your own or not, you are not going to spend
     much in repairs and enlargements. When you know that
     heaven is yours, you are anxious to get ready for it.
     Full assurance finds fuel for zeal to feed upon.
     
     This also creates and sustains patience. When we know
     that we have eternal life, we do not fret about the
     trials of this passing life. I could point to the
     brethren here this morning, and I could mention sisters
     at home, who amaze me by their endurance of pain and
     weakness. This I know concerning them, that they never
     have a doubt about their interest in Christ; and for
     this cause they are able to surrender themselves into
     those dear hands which were pierced for them. They know
     that they are the Lord's, and so they say, "Let him do
     what seemeth him good." A blind child was in his
     father's arms, and a stranger came into the room, and
     took him right away from his father. Yet he did not cry
     or complain. His father said to him, "Johnny, are you
     afraid? You do not know the person who has got hold of
     you." "No, father," he said, "I do not know who he is,
     but you do." When pain gives us an awkward nip, and we
     do not know whether we shall live or die, when we are
     called to undergo a dangerous operation, and pass into
     unconciousness, then we can say, "I do not know where I
     am, but my Father knows, and I leave all with him."
     Assurance makes us strong to suffer.
     
     This, dear friends, will give you constant firmness in
     your confession of divine truth. You who do not know
     whether you are saved or not, I hope the Lord will keep
     you from denying the faith; but those who have a firm
     grip of it, these are the men who will never forsake
     it. A caviller in an omnibus said to a Christian man
     one day, "Why, you have nothing after all to rest upon.
     I can prove to you that your Scriptures are not
     authentic." The humble Christian man replied, "Sir, I
     am not a learned man, and I cannot answer you
     questions; but I believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, and
     I have experienced such a change in character, and I
     feel such a joy and peace through believing, that I
     wish you knew my Saviour, too." The answer he received
     was a very unexpected one: the unbeliever said, "You
     have got me there; I cannot answer that." Just so: we
     have got them there. If we know what has been wrought
     in us by grace, they cannot overcome us. The full-
     assurance man baffles the very devil. Satan is cunning
     enough, but those who know and are persuaded, are birds
     which he cannot take in the snares of hell. When you
     know that your Lord is able to keep that which you have
     committed to him until that day, then you are firm as a
     rock. God make you so.
     
     Dear brethren, this is the kind of thing that will
     enable you to bear a telling testimony for your Lord.
     It is of no use to stand up and preach things that may
     or may not be true. I am charged with being a dreadful
     dogmatist, and I am not anxious to excuse myself. When
     a man is not quite sure of a thing, he grows very
     liberal: anybody can be a liberal with money which he
     cannot claim to be his own. The broad-school man says,
     "I am not sure, and I do not suppose that you are sure,
     for indeed nothing is sure." Does this sandy foundation
     suit you? I prefer rock. The things which I have spoken
     to you from my youth up have been such as I have tried
     and proved, and to me they wear an absolute certainty,
     confirmed by my personal experience. I have tried these
     things: they have saved me, and I cannot doubt them. I
     am a lost man if the gospel I have preached to you be
     not true; and I am content to bide the issue of the day
     of Judgement. I do not preach doubtingly, for I do not
     live doubtingly. I know what I have told you to be
     true; why should I speak as if I were not sure? If you
     want to make your own testimony tell in such a day as
     this, you must have something to say that you are sure
     about; and until you are sure about it I would advise
     you to hold you tongue. We do not require any more
     questionings; the market is overstocked. We need no
     more doubt, honest or dishonest; the air is dark with
     these horrible blacks.
     
     Brethren, if you know that you have eternal life, you
     are prepared to live, and equally prepared to die. How
     frequently do I stand at the bedside of our dying
     members! I am every now and then saying to myself, "I
     shall certainly meet with some faint-hearted one.
     Surely I shall come across some child of God who is
     dying in the dark." But I have not met with any such.
     Brethren, a child of God may die in the dark. One said
     to old Mr. Dodd, the quaint old Puritan-"How sad that
     our brother should have passed away in the darkness! Do
     you doubt his safety?" "No," said old Mr. Dodd, "no
     more than I doubt the safety of him who said, when he
     was dying, "My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken
     me?"" Full assurance, as we have said before, is not of
     the essence of salvation. Still, I beg of you to note
     this, that all along through these many years, in each
     case, when I have gone to visit any of our brethren and
     our sisters at death, I have always found them
     departing in sure and certain hope of seeing the face
     of their Lord in glory. I have often marvelled that
     this should be without exception, and I glory in it.
     Often have they said to me, "We have fed on such good
     food that we may well be strong in the Lord." God grant
     that you may have this assurance, all of you! May
     sinners begin to believe in Jesus, and saints believe
     more firmly, for Christ's sake! Amen.
     
https://www.biblebb.com/

Linggo, Hunyo 23, 2019

7 Reasons Grace Will Never Be Overthrown in the Believer (Jonathan Edwards, 1703-1758)

Where [grace] does truly exist in the heart, all its enemies cannot destroy it, and all the opposition made against it cannot crush it. It endures all things, and stands all shocks, and remains notwithstanding all opposers. And the reason of this may be seen in these two things:
1. That there is so much more in the nature of true grace that tends to perseverance than in false grace. — False grace is a superficial thing, consisting in mere outward show, or in superficial affections, and not in any change of nature. But true grace reaches to the very bottom of the heart. It consists in a new nature, and therefore it is lasting and enduring. Where there is nothing but counterfeit grace, corruption is unmortified; and whatever wounds may seem to be given it, they are but slight wounds, that do not at all reach its life, or diminish the strength of its principle, but leave sin in its full strength in the soul, so that it is no wonder that it ultimately prevails, and bears down all before it. But true grace really mortifies sin in the heart. It strikes at its vitals, and gives it a wound that is mortal, sending its stroke to the very heart. When it first enters the soul, it begins a never-ceasing conflict with sin, and therefore it is no wonder that it keeps possession, and finally prevails over its enemy. Counterfeit grace never dispossesses sin of the dominion of the soul, nor destroys its reigning power there, and therefore it is no wonder that it does not itself remain. But true grace is of such a nature that it is inconsistent with the reigning power of sin, and dispossesses the heart of it as it enters, and takes the throne from it, and therefore is the more likely to keep its seat there, and finally to prevail entirely against it. Counterfeit grace, though it may affect the heart, yet is not founded on any real conviction of the soul. But true grace begins in real and thorough conviction, and, having such a foundation, has so much the greater tendency to perseverance. Counterfeit grace is not diligent in prayer; but true grace is prayerful, and thus lays hold on the divine strength to support it, and indeed becomes divine itself, so that the life of God is, as it were, imparted to it. Counterfeit grace is careless whether it perseveres to the end or not; but the grace naturally causes earnest desires for perseverance, and leads to hungerings and thirstings for it. It also makes men sensible of the dangers they are encompassed with, and has a tendency to excite them to watchfulness, and to care and diligence that they may persevere, and to look to God for help, and trust in him for preservation from the many enemies that oppose it. And,
2. God will uphold true grace, when he has once implanted it in the heart, against all opposition. — He will never suffer it to be overthrown by all the force that may be brought against it. Though there be much more in true grace that tends to perseverance than there is in counterfeit grace, yet nothing that is in the nature of grace, considered by itself and apart from God's purpose to uphold it, would be sufficient to make sure its continuance, or effectually to keep it from final overthrow. We are kept from falling, not by the inherent power of grace itself, but, as the apostle Peter tells us (1 Pet. 1:5), "by the power of God through faith." The principle of holiness in the hearts of our first parents, where it had no corruption to contend with, was overthrown; and much more might we expect the seed of grace in the hearts of fallen men, in the midst of so much corruption, and exposed to such active and constant opposition, would be overthrown, did not God uphold it. He has undertaken to defend it from all its enemies, and to give it the victory at last, and therefore it shall never be overthrown. And here I would briefly show how it is evident that God will uphold true grace, and not suffer it to be overthrown, and then show some reasons why he will not suffer it.
First. I would show how it is evident that God will uphold true grace in the heart. And, in one word, it is evident from his promise. God has explicitly and often promised that true grace shall never be overthrown. It is promised in that declaration concerning the good man (Psa. 37:24), that "though he fall, he shall not he utterly cast down; for the Lord upholdeth him with his hand;" and again in the words, Jer. 32:40,"I will make an everlasting covenant with them, that I will not turn away from them to do them good; but I will put my fear in their hearts, that they shall not depart from me;" and again, in those words of Christ (Mat. 18:14), that "it is not the will of your Father which is in heaven, that one of these little ones should perish." And in accordance with these various declarations, Christ has promised concerning grace (John 4:14), that it shall be in the soul "as a well of water, springing up into everlasting life." And again he says (John 6:39), "This is the Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up again at the last day." And in other places it is said, that Christ's sheep "shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of his hand" (John 10:28); that whom God "did foreknow, them he also called; and whom he called, them he also justified; and whom he justified, them he also glorified;" and that nothing "shall separate" Christians "from the love of Christ" (Rom. 8:29, 30, 35); and again, that "he which hath begun a good work" in us, "will perform it until the day of Jesus Christ" (Phil. 1:6); and again, that Christ "shall confirm" his people "unto the end, that" they "may be blameless in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ" (1 Cor. 1:8); and still again, that "he is to able to keep" them "from falling, and to present" them "faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy" (Jude 24). And many other similar promises might be mentioned, all of which declare that God will uphold grace in the heart in which he has once implanted it, and that he will keep to the end those who put their trust in him. But,
Second I would briefly show some reasons why God will uphold the principle of grace, and keep it from being overthrown.
REASON 1. Unless the redemption provided by Christ secured our perseverance through all opposition, it would not be a complete redemption. Christ died to redeem us from the evil we were subject to under the law, and to bring us to glory. But if he brought us no further than the state we were in at first, and left us as liable to fall as before, then all his redemption might be made void, and come to nothing. Man, before the fall, being left to the freedom of his own will, fell from his steadfastness, and lost his grace when he was comparatively strong, and not exposed to the enemies that now beset him. What then could he do in his present fallen state, and with such imperfect grace, in the midst of his powerful and manifold enemies, if his perseverance depended on himself alone? He would utterly fall and perish; and the redemption provided by Christ, if it did not secure him from thus falling, would be a very imperfect redemption .
REASON 2. The covenant of grace was introduced to supply what was wanting in the first covenant, and a sure ground of perseverance was the main thing that was wanting in it. The first covenant had no defect on the part of God who constructed it; in that respect it was most holy and just, and wise and perfect. But the result proved that on our part it was wanting, and needed something more in order to its being effectual for our happiness; and the thing needed was something that should be a sure ground of our perseverance. All the ground we had under the first covenant was the freedom of our own will; and this was found not to be depended on; and therefore God has made another covenant. The first was liable to fail, and therefore another was ordained more enduring than the first, and that could not fail, and which therefore is called "all everlasting covenant." The things that could be shaken are removed, to make way for those that cannot be shaken. The first covenant had a head and surety that was liable to fail, even the father of our race; and therefore God has provided, as the head and surety of the new covenant, one that cannot fail, even Christ, with whom, as the head and representative of all his people, the new covenant is made, and ordered in all things and sure.
REASON 3. It is not fit that, in a covenant of mercy and saving grace, the reward of life should be suspended on man's perseverance, as depending on the strength and steadfastness of his own will. It is a covenant of works, and not a covenant of grace, that suspends eternal life on that which is the fruit of a man's own strength, to keep him from falling. If all is of free and sovereign grace, then free grace has undertaken the matter to complete and finish it, and has not left it to men themselves, and to the power of their own wills, as it was under the first covenant. As divine grace has commenced the work, it will finish it; and therefore we shall be kept to the end.
REASON 4. Our second surety has already persevered, and done what our first surety failed of doing; and therefore we shall surely persevere. Adam, our first surety, did not persevere, and so all fell with him. But if he had persevered, all would have stood with him, and never would have fallen. But our second surety has already persevered, and therefore all that have him for their surety will persevere with him. When Adam fell, he was condemned, and all his posterity was condemned with him, and fell with him. But if he had stood, he would have been justified, and so would have partaken of the tree of life, and been confirmed in a state of life, and all his posterity would have been confirmed. And, by parity of reason, now that Christ, the second Adam, has stood and persevered, and is justified, and confirmed in life, all who are in Christ and represented by him, are also accepted, and justified, and confirmed in him. The fact that he, as the covenant-head of his people, has fulfilled the terms of that covenant, makes it sure that they shall persevere.
REASON 5. The believer is already actually justified, and thus entitled, through the promise of mercy, to eternal life, and therefore God will not suffer him to fail and come short of it. Justification is the actual acquittal of the sinner. It is a full acquittance from guilt, and freedom from condemnation, and deliverance from hell, and acceptance to a full title to eternal life. And all this is plainly inconsistent with the idea that deliverance from hell, and the attainment of eternal life, are yet suspended on an uncertain perseverance.
REASON 6. The Scriptures teach us, that the believer's grace and spiritual life are a partaking of the life of Christ in his resurrection, which is an immortal and unfading life. This is plainly taught by the apostle, when he says (Col. 2:13), "You hath he quickened together with him," that is, with Christ; and again (Eph. 2:4-6), "But God, who is rich in mercy, for his great love wherewith he loved us, even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us together with Christ; and hath raised us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus;" and still again (Gal 2:20), "I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me." These expressions show that the believer's spiritual life cannot fail; for Christ says (Rev. 1:18), "I am he that liveth, and was dead; and behold, I am alive for evermore;" and the apostle says (Rom. 6:9), "Knowing that Christ, being raised from the dead, dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over him." Our spiritual life being his life, as truly as the life of the branch is the life of the tree, cannot but continue.
REASON 7. Grace is that which God hath implanted in the heart against the great opposition of enemies, and therefore he will doubtless maintain it there against their continued and combined efforts to root it out. The enemies of God and the soul used their utmost endeavors to prevent grace being implanted in the heart that possesses it. But God manifested his all-conquering and glorious power in introducing it there in spite of them all. And therefore he will not at last suffer himself to be conquered by their expelling that which he by his mighty power has so triumphantly brought in. From all which it is plain, that God will uphold the principle of grace in the heart of the Christian, so that it shall never be overthrown or fail. 
-----EXCERPT: Charity and Its Fruits, chapter 14 Charity, Or True Grace, Not To Be Overthrown By Opposition by Jonathan Edwards
https://www.monergism.com/

Huwebes, Hunyo 20, 2019

Theological Primer: Hypostatic Union (Kevin de Young - December 19, 2018)

In simplest terms, the hypostatic union is a reference to Jesus Christ as both God and man, fully divine and fully human. Hypostasis is the Greek word for subsistence (think: individual existence). The hypostatic union, therefore, is the technical term for the unipersonality of Christ, whereby in the incarnation the Son of God was constituted a complex person with both a human and a divine nature.
For a concise and careful definition of the hypostatic union, the Chalcedonian Definition (AD 451) is still unsurpassed.
Therefore, following the holy fathers, we all with one accord teach men to acknowledge one and the same Son, our Lord Jesus Christ, at once complete in Godhead and complete in manhood, truly God and truly man, consisting also of a reasonable soul and body; of one substance with the Father as regards his Godhead, and at the same time of one substance with us as regards his manhood; like us in all respects, apart from sin; as regards his Godhead, begotten of the Father before the ages, but yet as regards his manhood begotten, for us men and for our salvation, of Mary the Virgin, the God-bearer; one and the same Christ, Son, Lord, Only-begotten, recognized in two natures, without confusion, without change, without division, without separation; the distinction of natures being in no way annulled by the union, but rather the characteristics of each nature being preserved and coming together to form one person and subsistence, not as parted or separated into two persons, but one and the same Son and Only-begotten God the Word, Lord Jesus Christ; even as the prophets from earliest times spoke of him, and our Lord Jesus Christ himself taught us, and the creed of the fathers has handed down to us.
At the heart of this definition are the four negative statements I’ve italicized above.
Without confusion: The Lord Jesus Christ is not what you get when you mix blue and yellow together and end up with green. He’s not a tertium quid (a third thing), the result of mixing a divine and human nature.
Without change: In assuming human flesh, the Logos did not cease to be what he had always been. The incarnation affected no substantial change in the divine Son.
Without division: The two natures of Christ do not represent a split in the divine Person. Jesus Christ is not half God and half man.
Without separation: The union of the human and divine in the person of Jesus Christ is a real, organic union, not simply a moral sympathy or relational partnership.
This may seem like needless theological wrangling, but Chalcedon’s careful definition is meant to preserve the biblical teaching that (1) the divine nature was united, in the person of the Son, with a human nature (John 1:14Rom. 8:31 Tim. 3:16Heb. 2:11-14) and (2) the two natures are united in only one divine Person (Rom. 1:3-4Gal. 4:4-5Phil. 2:6-11). As Chalcedon puts it, the characteristics of each nature are preserved—in no way annulled by the union—even as they come together in one person (prospon) and one subsistence (hypostasis).
https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/

God and Man in one Person, our Savior (Theodore Beza, 1519-1605)

A clear, helpful summary of the full divinity and humanity of our one Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, from Theodore Beza, Calvin’s successor in Geneva. This is an excerpt from his Confession of the Christian Faith (1558). The many scripture references are especially useful.

Why it was necessary that Jesus Christ be true man in nature, in His body and in His soul, but without any sin

It was necessary that the Mediator of this covenant and this reconciliation be true man, but without any stain of original sin or any other, for the following reasons:
Firstly, since God is very righteous and man is the object of His wrath, because of natural corruption (1 Tim 2:5John 1:14Rom 1:3Gal 4:4Rom 8:2-41 Cor. 1:30), it was necessary in order to reconcile men with God, that there be a true man in whom the ruins caused by this corruption would be totally repaired.
Secondly, man is compelled to fulfil all the righteousness which God demands from him in order to be glorified (Matt 3:15Rom 5:182 Cor. 5:21). It was therefore necessary that there be a man who would perfectly fulfil all righteousness in order to please God.
Thirdly, all men are covered with an infinite number of sins, as much internal as external; that is why they are liable to the curse of God (Rom 3:23-26Is 53: 11, etc). It was therefore necessary that there be a man who would fully satisfy the justice of God in order to pacify Him.
Finally, no corrupt man would have been able, in any way, to even begin to fulfil the least of these actions. He would first of all have had need of a Redeemer for himself (Rom 8:22 Cor. 5:21Heb 4:151 Pet 2:223:181 John 2:1-2). So much was necessary for himself before he could buy back the others, or could do anything pleasing or satisfying to God (Rom 14:23Heb 11:6). It was therefore necessary that the Mediator and Redeemer of men be true man in his body and in his soul, and that he be, nevertheless, entirely pure and free from all sin.

Why it was necessary that Jesus Christ be true God

It was necessary that this same Mediator be true God and not only man (John 1:14, etc); at the very least for the following reasons:
Firstly, if He was not true God, He would not be Saviour at all, but would himself have need of a Saviour (Is 43:11Hos. 13:4Jer. 17:5-8).
Secondly, it is necessary, from the justice of God, that there be a relationship between the crime and its punishment. The crime is infinite, for it is committed against One whose majesty is infinite. Therefore there is here need of an infinite satisfaction; for the same reason, it was necessary that the One who would accomplish it as true man be also infinite, that is to say, true God.
Thirdly, the wrath of God being infinite, there was no human or angelic strength known which could bear such a weight without being crushed (John 14:10,12,3116:322 Cor. 5:19). He who was to live again, after having conquered the devil, sin, the world and death united to the wrath of God, had to be therefore not only perfect man, but also true God.
Lastly, in order to better manifest this incomprehensible goodness, God did not wish that His grace should only equal our crime; He willed that where sin abounds, grace superabounds (Rom 5:15-21). For this reason, while he was created in the image of God, the first Adam, author of our sin, was earthly, as his ‘frailty showed well (1 Cor. 15:45-47). Jesus Christ, on the contrary, the second Adam, through whom we are saved, while being true and perfect man, is nevertheless the Lord come from Heaven, that is to say, the true God. For, in essence, all the fullness of divinity dwells in Him (Col. 2:9). If the disobedience of Adam made us fall, the righteousness of Jesus Christ gives us more security than we had previously. We hope for life procured by Jesus Christ, better than that which we lost in Adam; even more so as Jesus Christ surpasses Adam.

How the mystery of our salvation has been accomplished in Jesus Christ

Therefore we confess that, in order to fulfil the covenant promised to the ancient fathers and predicted by the mouth of the prophets (Is 7:14Luke 1:31,35,55,70) the true, unique and eternal Son of God the Father (Rom 1:3John 17:516:28Phil 2:6-7) took, at the time appointed by the Father, the form of a servant. Being conceived in the womb of the blessed virgin Mary, by the power of the Holy Spirit, and without any operation of man (Matt 1:20Luke 1:28,35), He took human nature with all its infirmities, sin excepted (Heb. 4:155:2).
The two natures, that of God and that of man, have been united in one Person since the moment of the conception of the flesh of Christ. We confess that, from the moment of this conception, the Person of the Son has been inseparably united to the human nature (Matt 1:20Luke 1:31,32,35,42,43). There are not two Sons of God, or two Jesus Christs: but One alone is properly Son of God, Jesus Christ. At all times the properties of each of the two natures remain entire and distinct. For the divinity separated from the humanity, or the humanity disjoined from the divinity, or the one being confounded with the other, would profit us nothing.
Jesus Christ is therefore true God and true man (Matt 1:21-23Luke 1:35). He has a true human soul, and a true human body formed from the substance of the virgin Mary, and by the power of the Holy Spirit. By this means, he was conceived and born of this virgin Mary, virgin, I say, before and after the birth. And all this was accomplished for our redemption.

Summary of the accomplishment of our salvation in Jesus Christ

He therefore descended to earth to draw us up to Heaven. (Eph. 2:6). From the moment of His conception until His resurrection, He bore the punishment of our sins in order to unburden us of them (Matt 11:281 Pet 2:243:18Is 53:11). He perfectly fulfilled all righteousness so as to cover our unrighteousness (Rom 5:19Matt 3:15). He has revealed to us the whole will of God His Father, by His words and by the example of His life, so as to show us the true way of salvation (John 15:15Acts 1:1-2).


Finally, to crown the satisfaction for our sins which He took upon Himself (Is 53:4-5), He was captured in order to release us, condemned so that we might be acquitted. He suffered infinite reproach in order to place us beyond all shame. He was nailed to the cross for our sins to be nailed there (Col. 2:14). He died bearing the curse which we deserved, so as to appease for ever the wrath of God through the accomplishment of His unique sacrifice (Gal 3:13; 2 Cor. 5:21; Heb 10:10,14). He was entombed to show the truth of His death, and to vanquish death even in its own house, that is to say even in the grave; He experienced no corruption there, to show that, even while dead, he had conquered death (Acts 2:31). He was raised again victorious so that, all our corruption being dead and buried, we might be renewed in new, spiritual and eternal life (Rom 6; and nearly everywhere in St. Paul). By this means, the first death is no longer to us a punishment for sin and an entrance into the second death, but, on the contrary, is the ending of our corruption and an entrance into life eternal. Lastly, being raised again and then having spoken throughout forty days here below to give evidence of His resurrection (Acts 1:3,9-11), He ascended visibly and really far above all heavens, where He sat down at the right hand of God His Father (John 14:2). Having taken possession for us of His eternal kingdom, He is, for us also, the sole Mediator and Advocate (1 Tim 2:5; Heb 1:3; 9:24), and governs His Church by His Holy Spirit, until the number of the elect of God, His Father, is completed (Matt 28:20, etc).
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